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World No. 1 Carlsen (left) unexpectedly lost to 19-year-old Neiman (right)

　　The best fiasco in history is actually smart anal beads cheating? Although it was a 19-year-old "supernova" who caused the controversy this time, cheating doubts and future shadows shrouded the entire chess world. In the era of ubiquitous high-tech, when computers have far surpassed human beings, can the traditional chess arena still maintain a pure and clean soil?

　　Best fiasco in history

　　On September 4, in the third round of the Sinquefield Cup chess held in St. Louis, the world's No. 1 Norwegian chess player Magnus Carlsen unexpectedly lost to 19-year-old American teenager Neiman. Hans Niemann), ended a 53-game undefeated record and broke the biggest upset in chess this year.

　　Carlson has been ranked No. 1 in the chess rankings for ten consecutive years, and has set a record for the highest score. He is known as the GOAT in chess. But in this matchup, Nieman, who was in black, suppressed Carlsen almost everywhere, and seemed to know Carlsen's chess well. He was the first player in years to beat Carlsen with Black. (In chess, playing black means being in an unfavorable position.)

　　However, Niemann is no stranger. Although only 19 years old, Niemann is a supernova in the world of chess, rising like a rocket. In two years, his world ranking has soared from 100 to 40, and last year he won the title of Grandmaster. Only ten top players are invited to participate in the Sinkfield Cup.

Carlsen retweeted Mourinho's quote

　　What is even more shocking is that after the game, world champion Carlsen immediately announced his withdrawal from the remaining games of the Sinkfield Cup and gave up competing for the championship bonus of up to 100,000 US dollars. It was the first retirement of his career. Moreover, Carlsen also retweeted the famous saying of football madman coach Jose Mourinho on Twitter, "If I tell the truth, I will be in big trouble, very, very big trouble."

　　It is a very rare and incomprehensible move for a world champion to completely abandon the rest of the game just because of one defeat. Although Carlsen did not continue to explain his decision, the chess world exploded. Although many people in the chess world praised Niemann's victory over Carlsen's chess game itself, more people questioned that Niemann's victory might be tricky.

　　In the face of the flood of doubts, "Dark Horse" Niman responded sarcastically, "The world champion must feel ashamed of losing to me. I feel really sorry for him." He also explained that he guessed Carlsen's start like a god. , and well prepared before the game.

　　After Carlsen's retirement, Neiman continued to compete in the Sinkfield Cup. However, the organizers announced additional anti-cheating measures, including delaying the broadcast by 15 minutes and adding radio frequency identification checks to prevent the players from contacting the outside world. In the end, Niman won the sixth place in this cup, and got a bonus of 19,750 US dollars.

Neiman ends up sixth in the Sinkefield Cup

19-year-old American chess player Neiman becomes the focus of cheating in chess

　　supernova black history

　　There are many opinions in the chess world surrounding Carlsen's retirement. Chess grandmaster and match commentator Hikaru Nakamura bluntly said, "(Carlson) is a world champion, and there is absolutely no reason why he will not retire. He must have a strong intuition that Nieman must be cheating. already."

　　The reason Hikaru Nakamura doesn't trust Niman is simple, because the latter has a history of cheating several times in games on the online platform Chess.com. Another chess grandmaster, Andrew Tang, also publicly sided with Carlsen, who has broken off with Niemann because of his cheating history.

　　Chess.com, an online chess matchmaking platform with 90 million members, was initially reluctant to get involved in the affair. Their chess director, Daniel Rensch, declined to comment on the Nieman incident. "Chess.com does not discuss fair play issues publicly, so it does not comment on the events of the Sinkfield Cup, nor on speculation in the chess world."

　　Neiman was blocked by Chess.com for cheating in online games when he was 12 and 16 years old. He did not deny this black history, but Niemann insisted that his current victory was innocent, and he did not cheat in the live game. Niemann angrily accused those who questioned him of wanting to ruin his career. In response to those who doubted his connection with the outside world during the game, Niemann even announced that he could play chess naked to prove his innocence.

　　Of course, Niemann has his own backers. Grandmaster Levon Aronian came out to round up the game, "It's not uncommon for young players to perform exceptionally well. Our peers are getting a little nervous."

　　Grandmaster Daniel King also said, "Carlson was like throwing Neiman out of the car and making him a target. Doing it after being beaten looks like you can't lose. Carlson (that game) performance was not very good.”

　　Neiman's coach, Grandmaster Jacob Aagaard, believed in his disciples. "Nieman did cheat online before. But the Hinkfield Cup is a whole different game. Sometimes people cheat at home and it's not that big of a deal. But that's not enough to convince me that he will. Using high-tech methods like Mission Impossible to cheat in competitions."

　　Publicly denounced cheating

　　Maybe it's really a narrow road for enemies. Despite withdrawing from the Sinclair Cup, Carlsen faced Neiman in another online match at the end of September. This time he simply chose to give up and no longer gave Niman a chance against himself. And this encounter also aroused Carlson's already calm emotions, and made him decide to stand up and break the matter.

　　On September 27, Carlson finally broke his three-week silence and explained his previous decision to retire. He issued a statement calling into question Niemann's use of cheating. Carlsen not only thinks that the sharp rise in the world rankings of Niemann over the past year is too abnormal, but also explains that Niemann has some quirks when playing against him, which leads him to suspect that his opponent is cheating.

　　"When Neiman was invited to this year's Sinkfield Cup at the last minute, I strongly considered quitting the game. But in the end I decided to keep playing. I believe Neiman had more cheating (behavior) than he himself admitted. More times. His moves were unusual, and I had a feeling throughout the game that he wasn't keeping his tension or even fully focused on the board. The way he played black against me, I think there were only a handful of them A chess player can do it. This game has deepened my skepticism."

　　Carlson stressed that he will never play against Neiman again, and he will never play against a player he suspects of cheating. "We have to do something about cheating. For my part, I don't want to play against people who have cheated a lot because I don't know if they will continue to cheat."

　　Finally, he called on the entire chess community to take the issue of cheating seriously. "I think cheating is a very serious matter for chess and an existential threat to the game. I think tournament organizers and those who care about the sanctity of chess should seriously consider adding security measures and cheating detection."

Chess.com releases heavy report accusing Niemann of cheating hundreds of times

　　Can cheat a hundred times

　　Following Carlson's public rebuke of Neiman, Chess.com broke its usual stance of silence and released a 72-page investigation report this week detailing its findings on Neiman's previous cheating.

　　This investigative report is like a blockbuster, uncovering the dark history of chess "supernova" Neiman, and also mentioning the issue of cheating to the seriousness of the future survival of chess. In addition to the Chess.com investigation report, the International Chess Federation (FIDE) is also conducting its own independent investigation.

　　It should be noted that Chess.com is currently in the process of acquiring Carlson's chess app Play Magnus for $83 million; so there is an interest. But Chess.com stressed that the investigation report had nothing to do with Carlson, and the two sides never communicated about Nieman.

　　The Chess.com report provides a wealth of evidence based on data analysis, relying on a number of cheating detection methods to determine whether or not to cheat, including the comparison of shogi players' moves with supercomputer recommendations, and the use of chess fair play experts from chess experts. Views. The report believes that Nieman may have used illegal cheating in more than 100 online games as of 2020, including some games with winning bonuses, and 25 of those games were broadcast live.

　　The investigation report also believes that the sharp rise in Niemann's performance in the face-to-face offline series is abnormal. "There are many interesting signals and abnormal conditions in his chess player career." “Outside of the online game, Niemann is the fastest rising player in the contemporary chess world. From a purely ranking point of view, Niemann is a top young player. Although we do not doubt his talent, we pay attention to His results are statistically extraordinary." According to Chess.com, Niemann is the fastest growing player under the age of 20.

　　once confessed to cheating

　　And, Neiman admitted his actions in a 2020 call with Chess.com chess director Renhey, when Neiman admitted wrongdoing in the hope of getting a chance to get back on the platform. To prove that Neiman had confessed to cheating, the Chess.com report also included screenshots of Neiman's Slack conversation with Rensch.

　　Chess.com has banned Nieman's account due to the discovery of cheating. The website wrote in a letter informing Niemann that he blatantly used deception to improve his game in several games, including a match against Russian player Ian Nepomniachtchi.

　　After Chess.com kicked him out of the million-dollar Global Championship, the site's chess director, Rensch, emailed Niemann explaining, "There's always been a story about you cheating recklessly in Grand Prix tournaments. worry, the risk (to keep you going) is too high.”

　　Renshi pointed out that Niemann opened new windows on the computer several times during the previous online game. Although the platform could not know what application Niemann had opened, it was likely that he was using a chess-playing engine for calculation. In order to prevent players from cheating in online games, Chess.com monitors the computer use of players during the game.

　　Chess.com's investigation report also highlighted several LAN games where Niman performed extremely well, which it believes warrants further investigation. However, since there is no cheat detection in these offline games, it is impossible to draw firm conclusions about whether he cheated.

Neiman has to undergo strict security checks before the game

　　Shadows hang over the chess world

　　At present, the main suspicion in the chess world is that Niemann used covert electronic means to communicate with the outside world in the game with Carlsen, obtained recommended moves from the chess calculation engine, and then played against Carlsen. If that's the case, then Carlson's defeat to Niemann is justifiable, he actually lost to the computer. After that game, Carlsen said privately that he had never had such a confrontation experience, and it seemed that everything was in Niman's hands.

　　But the problem is, no evidence has been found to prove that Niman cheated in offline games. British grandmaster Daniel King mentioned, "During that game, cameras were always aimed at Nieman." Niman himself also argued that "the organizers have the most stringent anti-cheating measures in the current chess world." That means, I have no ability and I can't do anything else.

　　Despite the controversy, Niemann played in the U.S. chess championship this week. He became the most watched chess player in the game. Although Niemann claims to be able to play naked, the organizers obviously do not. Before the start of the game, he and other chess players need to be checked by metal detectors, and every part of the body must be swept.

　　However, following Carlson's bombardment of cheating, there has been a marked change in the attitude of his chess peers towards Niemann, who is seen as a was and would be a liar. In this week's US chess championship match, Russian grandmaster Peter Svidler, while not refusing to play Nyman, was still rude to his opponent who was suspected of cheating. "I'm very firm on this issue. There's no difference between cheating online and offline. I think the chess world's attitude towards cheating players is just too lenient and tolerant."

　　Whether or not Niman cheated, and how he cheated, will only be known to him unless new evidence is found. Some netizens even speculated that Niman announced that he could play chess completely naked. Maybe he used a smart device inserted into the anus to send and receive messages through the levator anus.

　　The speculation quickly sparked heated discussions on the Internet, with even Musk retweeting related tweets and quoting the philosopher Schopenhauer. "What the capable person cannot reach, the wise person has never seen. (Because it is stuffed in your chrysanthemum)." It seems that the world's richest man has a great sense of humor lately and likes to quote famous quotes.

　　However, aside from the jokes, this Niman cheating cloud hurt the entire chess game. In future chess competitions, only the constantly upgraded high-tech anti-cheating technology can be used to guard against the constantly upgraded high-tech cheating technology of chess players, so as to maintain the human intellectual purity of the game. Because in the face of computer software, even the best chess player in history is vulnerable. Once the player cheats successfully (connected to the chess engine), the game is meaningless.

　　Chess is an important milestone in the history of the development of computers and artificial intelligence. As early as 1947, British scientist Turing (Turing) began to write chess programs. In 1989, "Deep Thinking" developed by Carnegie Mellon University became the first computer grandmaster. This project is the predecessor of "Deep Blue". In 1997, Deep Blue defeated the then world champion Kasparov, officially marking the triumph of computers in the field of chess.

　　Compared with chess, Go in the East is much more complicated and is considered to be the pinnacle of human chess and card games. In terms of state space complexity, chess is 10 to the 46th power, and Go is 10 to the 172th power. According to the complexity of the game tree, chess is 10 to the 123rd power, and Go is 10 to the 300th power.

　　In 2006, artificial intelligence scientist G. Hinton proposed a deep learning training algorithm, which realized the computer's gradual self-learning and continuous improvement of high accuracy, and made AI's conquest of Go from a dream into a reality. In 2010, Google launched Google Brain, a deep learning tool. In 2016 and 2017, Google's AlphaGo beat South Korean player Lee Sedol and Chinese player Ke Jie in a row. After 20 years of conquering chess, artificial intelligence has finally conquered the field of Go.

　　After being defeated by AlphaGo, Ke Jie, the last line of defense for mankind, couldn't help crying: an era is over.